Insights  /  Brooding

The first 72 hours decide the flock

Dr. Amir Junaid·5 min read·Published May 2026
Day-old broiler chicks under the warm glow of a brooder on fresh litter

A flock is very often won or lost in its first three days, long before anyone is worried about it. By the time the numbers look bad, the cause is a week behind you.

Day-old chicks cannot regulate their own temperature and are living off the yolk and the first feed. The brooding window is when the gut develops, appetite is set and the frame for the whole cycle is laid down. Get these three days right and the flock forgives a lot later; get them wrong and no amount of later management fully recovers it.

Crop fill is the first honest number

A few hours after placement, check crops. A full, soft crop means the chick has found feed and water and is eating; an empty or hard crop means it has not. Sample across the house and aim for the large majority of crops full within the first hours. Low crop fill early is the single best warning you will get, and it costs nothing to take.

Temperature at the chick, not on the wall

Chicks show you the temperature by how they sit. Spread evenly and active is right. Huddled together is cold. Panting and pushed to the edges is hot. Bunched to one side is a draft. Floor temperature matters as much as air temperature at this age, because a chick spends its time on the litter, so pre-heat the house and the floor properly before the birds arrive, not just the air.

By the time the close-out sheet looks wrong, the first 72 hours were already over. That is where the flock was decided.

Water, feed and light in the first day

Easy access to clean water and feed, close to the chicks, with light bright enough and long enough to keep them finding it. Chicks will not travel far in the first days, so the resources have to come to them. A drinker line set too high or a dim house in the first 24 hours quietly starves part of the flock before it ever gets going.

Watch the first three days the way you would watch a breaking flock, because that is what they are: a flock deciding which way it will go. The checks are simple, crop fill, chick behaviour, water, feed and heat, and the farms that hold them see it in every close-out.

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FAQ

Common questions

Why are the first 72 hours so important?

The gut develops and appetite is set in the brooding window, and chick weight at seven days correlates strongly with final weight. Get the start right and the flock forgives a lot later.

What is crop fill and why check it?

A few hours after placement, most crops should be full and soft, showing the chick has found feed and water. Low early crop fill is the single best warning you will get, and it is free.

What floor temperature do day-old chicks need?

A warm floor, in the region of 30 to 32 degrees Celsius at placement, because chicks cannot regulate their own temperature for the first days and a cold floor stops them seeking feed and water.

How do I know if chicks are too hot or too cold?

They tell you by how they sit. Evenly spread and active is right, huddled together is cold, panting and pushed to the edges is hot, bunched to one side is a draft.

How often should I check the flock in the first week?

Several times a day, walking the length of the house each time, watching distribution, crop fill, and access to feed, water and light.

Put the next flock under one programme.

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